IlPadrino,
The issue of our (engineering) labor costs came from a board of director of a major chip manufacturer. They (the board and management) were impressed with the quality of work and the time of construction for a new facility in China. This was not a one-on-one meeting, but a presentation to a group (I don't rate that kind of face time with board level folks). For mechanical, electrical, environmental, etc engineers to 'practice' in industry, no licensure is needed. Those engineers involved in industry will claim they 'do' engineering instead of just 'practicing' all day. This disconnect between industry, consultants, educators, and those employed by state and federal goverment needs to be addressed by our profession.
We have to remember that corporate structures mandate profitability. It's illegal for them to operate in a way detremintal to corporate profits. State boards can certainly protect the engineering workforce that is dedicated to infrastructure (State DOT's, large consulting firms, etc), but I suspect that corporate pressure will work to drive down the costs of the non-licensed workforce (i.e. those that don't need a license to work in an engineering job title).
My point is that all in the engineering community need to come together to shape and protect the future of our profession. It might be in the long term interest to have a two-tier licensing system with the ability to reach out at the lowest-tier level to those that currently don't see a need for licensure, or are in some cases discouraged form seeking it. I know it seems silly, but there are actually managers that don't want to see 'their' engineer with a PE credential due to the worry of losing that person or having to pay more to keep them. This lower teir would be one step up from those that have passed the FE and are engineers-in-training.
Having H1-B visa status means that you are beholden to the company that brings you in. This gives them a measure of price control over that segment of the labor force. I don't mean to imply that US corporations don't care about the qualifications of the engineering workforce. I am saying if they can get someone to do it more cheaply, then they will, regardless of that person's qualifications either here or overseas. If something goes wrong, then they have built in contingencies to deal with that.
I don't know enough to have an opinion about the strength of the current licensing system regarding the specific sub-categories. I do have a healthy respect for all of those that show up every day and prove, by example, that they are worthy of the title of engineer whether they have a license or not. I just wished there was some way to galvanize the engineering community to stand up for the profession.