McEngr,
They can, but at my work (for smaller buildings) they typically just put in #5 bars near the edges and whatever makes sense in the middle.
I honestly don't know too much about it since I don't do too many foundation designs up here. My most recient foundation was in CA, and I had a jr. engineer do the work.
Well, all slabs need C&T reinforcement if it's being used for structure (as a minimum). I did stamp it with a lot of disclaimers in my construction notes. My boss thought it was excessive, but he relented. I think because my boss is the owner's son he is automatically "in" and has to do things that he doesn't necessarily agree with... in other words, he convinces himself that good engineering is often too expensive.