Cost to practice Engineering survey

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...  In Canada there is no industrial exemption (with the exception of Ontario), so anyone practicing engineering is required to become licensed. ...
So that means every engineer working in every industry has to become licensed?
Does that mean every engineering drawing released has to be stamped?
What are the implications for liability? My understanding of the industrial exemption is, the engineer doesn't need to be licensed because they aren't accepting the responsibility/liability for the design. Their company is absorbing all liability. For example Boeing could be sued for a hypothetical faulty design, but not the individual engineers responsible for that hypothetical faulty design. (I'm not trying to pick on Boeing. I know the root causes of and the responsibility for the crashes are still TBD. It's just the first example that came to mind.)

 
So that means every engineer working in every industry has to become licensed?
Essentially yes.  For example in Alberta (From Part 1 of the ENGINEERING AND GEOSCIENCE PROFESSIONS ACT):

2(1) Except as otherwise provided in this Act, no individual, corporation, partnership or other entity, except a professional engineer, a licensee so authorized in the licensee’s licence, a permit holder so authorized in its permit or a certificate holder so authorized in the certificate holder’s certificate, shall engage in the practice of engineering,

where:

(q) “practice of engineering” means
 (i) reporting on, advising on, evaluating, designing, preparing plans and specifications for or directing the construction, technical inspection, maintenance or operation of any structure, work or process
 (A) that is aimed at the discovery, development or utilization of matter, materials or energy or in any other way designed for the use and convenience of humans, and
 (B) that requires in that reporting, advising, evaluating, designing, preparation or direction the professional application of the principles of mathematics, chemistry, physics or any related applied subject, or
 (ii) teaching engineering at a university;

The exceptions are:

(4) Subsection (1) does not apply to the following:

(a) a person engaged in the execution or supervision of the construction, maintenance, operation or inspection of any process, system, work, structure or building in the capacity of contractor, superintendent, foreman or inspector or in any similar capacity, when the process, system, work, structure or building has been designed by and the execution or supervision is being carried out under the supervision and control of a professional engineer or licensee;

(b) a person engaged in the practice of engineering as an engineer-in-training or engineering technologist in the course of being employed or engaged and supervised and controlled by a professional engineer, licensee, permit holder or certificate holder;

(c) repealed 2007 c13 s4;

(d) a person who in accordance with an Act or regulation in respect of mines, minerals, pipelines, boilers and pressure vessels, building codes or safety codes for buildings is engaged in any undertaking or activity required under or pursuant to that Act or the regulations under that Act;

(e) a person who, on the person’s own property and for the person’s sole use or the use of the person’s domestic establishment, carries out any work that does not involve the safety of the public;

(f) a member of the Canadian Forces while actually employed on duty with the Forces;

(g) a person engaged or employed by a university whose practice of the profession consists exclusively of teaching engineering at the university.

Does that mean every engineering drawing released has to be stamped?
Yes.

From https://www.apega.ca/members/document-authentication/,

To know whether a document needs to be authenticated, can you answer yes to both of these questions?

1.  Does the document contain technical information as defined in the Engineering and Geoscience Professions Act?
2.  Is the document complete for its intended purpose?

What are the implications for liability?
The Professional member who seals the document "is assuming full professional responsibility of that engineering or geoscience work."  (https://www.apega.ca/members/document-authentication/)

 
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